Afghanistan in the Process of Shrinking!
(Part 6)
Separatism
Separatism means the disintegration of national, religious, cultural, regional, political, and the loss of mutual trust, for various reasons, or to try to rule one’s own destiny and rely on greed foreigners to get rid of the current status.
Separatism is not a hidden phenomenon. A group that claims separatism explicitly declares that they want independence or disintegration. A group that wants independence or disintegration is neither ashamed nor afraid to express their will.
Types of Separatism:
The view of separatism or independence in developed countries is always gently raised. But in different countries, this issue is answered in opposite ways.
Developed Countries:
Developed countries react mildly to separatism; Of course, this gentle practice and reaction began after World War II, so it had not long historical background before. In those countries, independence seekers, like other political groups, propagate their views among the people without being faced with the slightest obstruction by the government. Such a situation ends in the referendum and referendum of the people, and the people make the final decisions, and the governments respect the opinions of the people.
It should be noted that countries that are culturally and economically backward are more likely to face the problem of separatism. But the developed countries have very few such problems. Many of the rich and developed countries used to be world-eating and colonial powers, and their wealth was provided by the plunder of the oppressed nations. Those countries had colonized many free nations on all corners of the world, with whom they had no cultural, civilizational, historical or regional affinity. For these reasons, many of those nations gained independence in the first half of the twentieth century with bloody wars. Most other countries gained their freedom in the second half of the twentieth century. Some of those colonial countries are still multilingual or multicultural; But because they have a lot in common in some ways, those matter caused them not to decompose. Of course, the main reason is social justice, which has led to the consistency, durability and unity of these countries.
Examples of This Type of Countries:
1_ Canada is one of the countries in which one of its most important and large provinces called Quebec, which is French-speaking, but claims independence or separatism. Every few years, the people of that State are asked about separatism, in which the independents fail by a slight difference of percentage. In the last 20 up to 25 years, no violence has been seen by the mutual parties.
2_ Spain is another relatively developed country that faces the problem of separatism. Because it is culturally and economically behind other countries in the Western Europe, the same element of violence is observed on both sides. The country witnesses several deadly assassinations and bombings each year. The separatist group Eta has been fighting for nearly forty years to establish an independent Basque government in northern Spain and southwestern France, and has always explicitly stated this separatism.
3_ Czechoslovakia, which is located on the border between Eastern and Western Europe, faced a disintegration a few years ago. The Czechs were more wealthy and did not want to share with the poor and needy Slovaks, the Slovaks accepted. The problem was solved easily and without controversy.
4_ In Northern Ireland, there was a separatist group called the Liberation Army of Northern Ireland. This group fought for years to secede from Britain, but eventually signed a reconciliation pact with Britain in 1998. The great colonial Britain once, half of world was under its colony. In the first half of the twentieth century, many nations, including Afghanistan, gained independence from Britain. But a large number of nations peacefully gained independence from Great Britain in the second half of the twentieth century. As a result, the Great Britain has shrunk to the extent that it is today. (the Great Satan) who, after the liberation and demarcation of the colonial countries, left a tragic between them.
The Third World Countries:
In the third world countries the issue of separatism is raised much more. If the separatists are treated inappropriately, they will advance their will with bloody wars; But they do not give up, even if it takes a hundred years. Many countries in the third world are currently facing the problem of separatism, which is accompanied by bloody wars.
1_ The Tamil Tigers
Tamil tigers are a separatist group in Sri Lanka. They explicitly have stated that they want the independence of the Tamil part of Sri Lanka, and they have been emphasizing this position for years, and they have sacrificed many of themselves and many lost their lives.
Kashmir
2_ After the independence of India and Pakistan from Great Britain, Kashmir, which was a separate emirate under British rule, was occupied by India and Pakistan, but the people of Kashmir do not accept the presidency of either country. They have been calling for independence from both countries for years. Of course, in both parts of Kashmir, there are groups that cooperate with the relevant governments, but those groups are not very influential among the people of Kashmir.
3_ Tibet
Tibetan was an independent country occupied by China, but the Tibetan people do not accept Chinese domination and want independence. The Dalai lama is the religious and political leader of that independents. Mr. Lama is very famous and popular among cultural and scientific centers in the world.
The People of Midanao
4_ The people of Mindanao in the south of Philippine are Muslims, But they had no share in the government and identity of their region. They Peacefully requested for justice which was answered with aggression. For years, Muslims endured this issue. But finally the knife reached their bones and with the formation of an Islamic Liberation Front, they started a war of independence or separatism. The aforesaid Movement in the Philippines fought for nearly two decades for the independence of the southern and Muslim parts. Bloody wars broke out between the two sides during those years. Finally, with a peace treaty with the Philippine government in 1996, they achieved widespread autonomy. But the treaty was later violated by the Philippine government and made the situation worse than it used to be by a severe military attack on the separatists.