(Afghanistan and Federalism)
(Part 20)
Apart from foreign and Western theorists, some Afghan intellectuals from the Uzbek, Hazara and Tajik tribes also considered the disintegration of Afghanistan as the only solution to sort out the Afghanistan turmoil. In addition, the weakness of the Afghan army in suppressing the Islamic Emirate and the fatigue of the people from the long war had left no signs of improvement in Afghanistan. Such a situation made the separatists’ think more towards separation. The idea of separatism was proposed by Afghans who believed in disintegrating their country in order to gain power. At the same time; On the other hand, there were some other Afghans who were the opposite the first group and believed themselves to be patriotic and considered the first group traitor, and in addition, they strongly opposed to damage the country’s territorial integrity.
On the other hand, the national traitors were also afraid of forming an independent State in the South, thinking that it could also lead to a reverse or an inverted result; It meant that, they believe to perform the ideology of disintegration Afghanistan, and even the Islamic Emirate could be more organized and principled by its government and would expand its scope of activities. They thought that with the formation of Pashtunistan and the concentration of the Emirate on the South, might first help the withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan, and in the long run, the United States would face further troubles. However, there was no guarantee that after the disintegration, the activities of the Mujahedeen would not be pursued in Northern Afghanistan and over the camps of foreign troops.
Another assumption was that although the mixing of the Northern tribes was exceeded than mixing the Pashtuns tribes, that meant the northern tribes would necessarily have a conflict with each other, especially since there were recorded signs of such conflicts in the past. Therefore, it was assumed that if the Pashtuns in the South got united; But in the North, ethnic problems will remain un-solved, as a result it could also stimulate the Pashtuns to seduce and create further divisions in the northern parts of the country. Another issue that should be considered was that Pakistan would severely disagree regarding the disintegrating of Afghanistan; Because the creation of an independent Pashtun State in the neighborhood of Pakistan, towards the northern borders, could provoke Pashtun ethnic feelings and motives them to dream for a bigger Pashtunistan. Therefore, Pakistan would do its best to prevent such a plan from happening.